Publications

The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security convened an in-person, not-for-attribution stakeholder discussion on April 25, 2024, to: 1) examine how reusable respirators (RRs) used at scale would protect against supply chain shocks in large emergencies, cost less per respirator than single-use disposable respirators over the life of the product, and provide better protection for workers; and 2) inform a national strategy to promote stockpiling of RRs by the US government, encourage greater adoption of RRs by the healthcare sector, incentivize innovation in RR design, and create a stronger demand signal for industry.

Mass gatherings include a diverse range of events such as sporting competitions, religious ceremonies, entertainment activities, political rallies and cultural celebrations, which have important implications for population well-being. However, if not managed properly, these events can amplify health risks including those related to communicable diseases, and place undue strain on health systems in host countries and potentially in attendees’ home countries, upon their return.

This checklist is an instrument to help public health departments and communicators improve trust and communication, especially in anticipation of serious public health issues, health emergencies, and when misinformation is abundant.

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools continue to be developed and used within the life sciences. The impact of these tools on the biosecurity landscape surrounding mail-order DNA synthesis and how to address the impacts have not been critically examined in the literature.

The Pneumoviridae viral family, formerly a subfamily of Paramyxoviridae, consists of 2 genera: Orthopneumovirus, the members of which infect mammals, and Metapneumovirus, which are specific for either mammals or birds.

Evidence suggests that reductions in healthcare utilization, including forgone care, during the COVID-19 pandemic may be contributing towards excess morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to describe individual and community-level correlates of forgone care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

2024 is the year of international climate change litigation, with accountability for the protection of health elevated to global and regional courts and tribunals. On April 9, 2024, the European Court of Human Rights concluded that Switzerland violated the rights of a group of older Swiss women, known as the KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz, who had brought the case against Switzerland for failing to meet its past greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction targets and set future GHG targets.

At the end of May, 194 member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) will meet for the World Health Assembly. Negotiations underway now will determine whether they vote then to adopt a pandemic agreement. For the past 2 years, discussions have focused on articulating essential components of a robust and equitable architecture for pandemic preparedness and response. Despite this, talks have failed to produce sufficient consensus on a detailed draft, prompting the intergovernmental negotiating body to propose a “streamlined” version.

Bioindustrial manufacturing is undergoing rapid expansion and investment and is seen as integral to nations’ economic progress. Ensuring that bioindustrial manufacturing benefits society as the field expands is of critical, urgent importance. To better understand the industry’s ethical trajectory and to shape policy, we explored the views of biotechnology leaders on four aspects of ethical and social responsibility—safety, security, social responsibility, and sustainability—what we have termed “4S principles.” We identified policy actions governments and other stakeholders may take to maximize societal benefits in industrial biotechnology.

In this case study, we describe a well-resourced private school in New York City that implemented COVID-19mitigation measures based on public health expert guidance and the lessons learned from this process

Rasmussen et al. argue that “increasing oversight across virology or all microbe research would represent a misdirection of resources and would fail to provide a commensurate increase in safety or security” and “harm surveillance, antiviral discovery, monitoring for resistance to antivirals and vaccines, and other critical efforts.” On the contrary, a strengthened version of the recommendations of the National Science Advisory Board on Biosecurity (NSABB) is crucial for the success of microbiological science. Implementing these recommendations would reduce the risks of a deliberate or accidental pandemic, while using precious research resources efficiently, restoring trust in science, strengthening US leadership in biosecurity and biosafety, and safeguarding the biomedical research enterprise, as ASM itself has said.

A scoping literature review of learnings from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was commissioned by WHO to inform operational priorities for future respiratory pathogen pandemic preparedness. The learnings are grouped according to WHO’s subsystems for health emergency preparedness, response and resilience. Key takeaway messages include: 1) Preparedness works; 2) Health is everyone’s business; 3) No one is safe until everyone is safe; and 4) Response must be agile and adaptive. The review will support pandemic planners at all levels to develop and update preparedness and response plans.

The Adenoviridae viral family is divided into 6 genera, with only members of the genus Mastadenovirus known to infect mammals, including humans.

This is the first of a 2-part special feature that focuses on threat agnostic approaches for the early detection of naturally occurring or humanmade biological threats, which are critical for a robust biodefense and public health response.

The Practical playbook for addressing health misinformation provides guidance on ways public health and medical professionals can set themselves up for success, make decisions on when they need to act to address misinformation, choose which actions and approaches might be useful to their audiences and information needs, and evaluate how their efforts are working.

This report calls out the urgent need to strengthen and build resilience in primary care (PC) whilst building cross-sector collaboration between public health (PH) and community-based organizations (CBOs).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries often needed to divert their human, financial and material resources away from existing health programmes to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. There are numerous reports of global inequities in access to critical care and medical countermeasures exacerbated by the pandemic as a consequence of chronically underfunded and weakened public health systems.